Future research / gaps identified: Expand research to include immigrant ex-offenders of different genders, ages, etc. Integration timeline: newcomers not defined Key findings The study identified major themes related to the adjustment process of immigrant ex-offenders: stress, income problems, difficulty obtaining education, lack of employment opportunities, social exclusion in the community, and engagement in health risk behaviors. Immigrants and minorities, facing limited opportunities and various strains, may resort to criminal activity. The study highlighted the unequal realities experienced by immigrants and racial minorities, which contribute to their involvement in criminal behavior. The study emphasized the importance of addressing the social determinants of health factors in order to prevent and reduce criminal behavior among immigrant populations. Key populations: Adult, male immigrant ex-offenders in Alberta who had fully served all of their sentences and were no longer on parole Key recommendations: Develop culturally sensitive and linguistically appropriate interventions that address the social determinants of health factors contributing to criminal behavior among immigrant populations. Provide access to social services, including family and social support, community participation, and access to resources that can help prevent criminal behavior. Address the unequal realities experienced by immigrants and racial minorities, including limited opportunities and various strains, which contribute to their involvement in criminal behavior Implement targeted interventions and support systems to prevent and reduce criminal behavior among immigrant ex-offenders. Location: Alberta, not further specified for confidentiality Open access: No Community organizations: n/a